1. What is kVAr in 3-Phase Systems?

Definition: kVAr (kilovolt-ampere reactive) measures reactive power in AC electrical systems, representing the non-working power that oscillates between source and load.

Purpose: This calculator helps determine the reactive power component in three-phase power systems based on real power and power factor.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( kVAr \) — Reactive power (kilovolt-amperes reactive)
• \( P_{kW} \) — Real power (kilowatts)
• \( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, between 0 and 1)

Explanation: The formula calculates the reactive power component by determining the phase angle from the power factor and applying the tangent function.

3. Importance of Reactive Power Calculation

Details: Proper reactive power calculation is essential for power factor correction, system efficiency, and preventing penalties from utility companies.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the real power in kW and power factor (default 0.9). Power factor must be between 0 and 1.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical power factor value?
A: Industrial systems typically aim for 0.9-0.95. Values below 0.85 may incur penalties from utilities.

Q2: Why calculate reactive power?
A: To properly size capacitors for power factor correction and optimize electrical system performance.

Q3: How does this differ from single-phase calculation?
A: The formula is the same, but three-phase systems have different line/phase relationships in actual implementation.

Q4: What if my power factor is leading instead of lagging?
A: The calculation remains the same, but the reactive power will be negative (indicating capacitive rather than inductive reactance).

Q5: Can I use this for DC systems?
A: No, reactive power only exists in AC systems with phase differences between voltage and current.