1. What is 3-Phase Power Calculation?

Definition: This calculator computes the real power in kilowatts (kW) for a balanced three-phase electrical system.

Purpose: It helps electricians, engineers, and technicians determine the actual power consumption in three-phase circuits.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( P_{kW} \) — Real power in kilowatts
• \( V \) — Line-to-line voltage (volts)
• \( I \) — Line current (amps)
• \( PF \) — Power factor (unitless, between 0 and 1)
• \( \sqrt{3} \) — Constant for three-phase systems (≈1.732)

Explanation: The formula accounts for all three phases and the phase relationship between voltage and current.

3. Importance of 3-Phase Power Calculation

Details: Accurate power calculation is essential for proper equipment sizing, energy efficiency analysis, and electrical system design.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the line-to-line voltage in volts, line current in amps, and power factor (default 0.8). Power factor must be between 0 and 1.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is power factor?
A: Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power, representing how effectively current is being converted into useful work.

Q2: Why is √3 used in the formula?
A: The √3 factor accounts for the phase difference in three-phase systems (120° between phases).

Q3: What's a typical power factor value?
A: Motors typically have 0.8-0.9 PF, while purely resistive loads have 1.0 PF. The default 0.8 is common for industrial loads.

Q4: Is this for line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltage?
A: The formula uses line-to-line voltage (the voltage between any two phases).

Q5: How does this differ from single-phase calculation?
A: Single-phase uses P=VI×PF, without the √3 factor and divided by 1000 for kW.